Modern service rifles such as the M4 carbine are often selective-fire, capable of semi-automatic and automatic or burst-fire operation. Semi-automatic rifles did not see widespread military adoption until just prior to World War II, the M1 Garand being a notable example. In military use, the semi-automatic M1911 handgun was adopted by the United States Army in 1911, and subsequently by many other nations. As a result, each trigger-pull only discharges a single round from a semi-automatic weapon, as opposed to a fully automatic weapon, which will shoot continuously as long as the ammunition is replete and the trigger is kept depressed.įerdinand Ritter von Mannlicher produced the first successful design for a semi-automatic rifle in 1885, and by the early 20th century, many manufacturers had introduced semi-automatic shotguns, rifles and pistols. To fire again, however, the user must actively release the trigger, allow it to "reset", before pulling the trigger again to fire off the next round.
Typically, this involves the weapon's action utilizing the excess energy released during the preceding shot (in the form of recoil or high-pressure gas expanding within the bore) to unlock and move the bolt, extracting and ejecting the spent cartridge case from the chamber, re-cocking the firing mechanism, and loading a new cartridge into the firing chamber, all without input from the user. The Colt AR-15, a type of semi-automatic rifleĪ semi-automatic firearm, also called a self-loading or autoloading firearm (though fully automatic and selective fire firearms are also self-loading), is a repeating firearm whose action mechanism automatically loads a following round of cartridge into the chamber (self-loading) and prepares it for subsequent firing, but requires the shooter to manually actuate the trigger in order to discharge each shot.
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